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Vatican repudiates its decrees against Indigenous peoples: Is This More BULL?
The headline above, and the following story by Nicole Winfield (Associated Press) Vatican City — appeared in the Philadelphia Inquirer on March 31, 2023. It immediately brought the Papal Bulls to my mind.
The Vatican on Thursday responded to Indigenous demands and formally repudiated the “Doctrine of Discovery,” the theories backed by 15thcentury papal decrees that legitimized the colonial-era seizure of Native lands and form the basis of some property laws today.
A Vatican statement said those papal bulls “did not adequately reflect the equal dignity and rights of Indigenous peoples” and have never been considered expressions of the Catholic faith. The statement, from the Vatican’s development and education offices, marked a historic recognition of the Vatican’s own complicity in colonial-era abuses committed by European powers.
Let’s stop right here. The Vatican had the audacity to say “those papal bulls…have never been considered expressions of the Catholic faith.”
The statement said the papal documents had been “manipulated” for political purposes by competing colonial powers “to justify immoral acts against Indigenous peoples that were carried out, at times, without opposition from ecclesial authorities.” It said it was right to “recognize these errors,” to acknowledge the terrible effects of colonial-era assimilation policies on Indigenous peoples, and to ask for their forgiveness.
Here is a Papal Bull. Please tell me if you think “the papal documents had been “manipulated” for political purposes by competing colonial powers “to justify immoral acts against Indigenous peoples that were carried out, at times, without opposition from ecclesial authorities.”
This is “straight from the horse’s mouth.”
Papal Bull Dum Diversas — Pope Nicholas V, 18 June 1452
“…As we indeed understand from your pious and Christian desire, you intend to subjugate the enemies of Christ, namely the Saracens, and bring [them] back, with powerful arm, to the faith of Christ
…we grant to you full and free power, through the Apostolic authority by this edict, to invade, conquer, fight, subjugate the Saracens and Pagans, and other infidels and the enemies of Christ
…and to lead their persons in perpetual servitude, and to apply and appropriate realms, duchies, royal palaces, principalities and other dominions, possessions, and goods of this kind to you and your use and your successors the kings of Portugal
…we grant, by the power of your sacrifice, a plenary forgiveness of all individual sins, crimes, trespasses, and digressions which you and they have confessed with contrite heart and by mouth, to you and to them who accompanying you, as often as you and they happen to go to war against the mentioned infidels.” — Issued to Alfonse, King of Portugal in 1452
Portugal owned Brazil because the Pope audaciously gave King Alfonse license, as evidenced in the Bull above [I love the pun]. The Pope is a human being, just like you and me. The only power the Pope has is the power you give to him in your mind.
I must admit that he didn’t say “by the power invested in me,” but it was certainly inferred in the Bull. Ironically, he was talking about the power of men. Everything accomplished was because of the “the power of your sacrifice.” (What about ‘God’?)
Pope Nicholas and his Bull provided, “a plenary forgiveness of all individual sins, crimes, trespasses, and digressions which you have confessed to with contrite heart and by mouth…” Wow! I am licensed to kill if I confess my misdeeds with contrite heart and by mouth and pay tithing to the Church of Rome?
The remainder of the sentence said, “…to you and them who accompanying you, as often as you and they happen to go to war against the mentioned infidels.” Seriously, an unending, perpetual license to kill?
War has been, and still is, ever-present in European/Caucasian rule. The Korean War, even though the fighting has ceased, is the latest example of a war without end, 70 years and counting; even though the One Hundred Year’s War (1337–1453) between England and France still holds the record (unless, like me, you count the over 2,300 years of war the European has waged against Indigenous people throughout the world).
I must also admit that the Pope had access to considerable military might (the Vatican Army, and the Kings, Queens, and ‘Merchant Advisors’ armies), which I am sure gave great support to his Bull [what a pun!].
Is that all it takes to move humans? Assume authority over them and tell them anything they want to hear that will confirm themselves superior to people of color. Donald Trump was certainly successful with the ploy, until he; America; and the world, were attacked by COVID-19.
As mentioned in the preceding quote, “we grant you full and free power, through the Apostolic authority by this edict, to invade, conquer, fight, subjugate the Saracens and Pagans, and other infidels and the enemies of Christ…” was based on military might, not righteous sanction from ‘god’. The Pope’s ‘Apostolic’ authority was his saber. All four categories (Saracens, Pagans, infidels, and enemies of Christ) covered all people of color in Asia, Africa, and the Americas, as intended by the Pope, in his decree.
And Pope Nicholas made sure to say “we”, and not “I” so as not to incur the wrath of his ‘partners-in-crime’ and to ensure everyone that he wasn’t alone in his effort to empower himself and his ‘friends.’
This is not the time to discuss the shifting economic base of power within European culture, but suffice it to say that Pope Nicholas V, on behalf of King Alphonse of Portugal, and his ‘merchant’ advisors, asserted them rights to colonize, convert and enslave.
After Columbus ‘discovered’ the Americas in 1492, Spain got into the game and the next year Pope Alexander VI added Spain to the list of ‘authorized’ murderers and thieves.
“… And we make, appoint and depute you and your said heirs and successors
lords of them with full and free power, authority and jurisdiction of every kind.”
“Inter Caetera”– Pope Alexander VI, 1493
White supremacy, co-terminus with racism, was sanctioned by the Pope of Rome. And even though it began long before the Papal Bull of 1452, this ugly monstrous thing called white supremacy continues unabated, to this very day, throughout Western colonization.
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Jews, Christians, and Muslims: What Ten Commandments Would Moses Offer Today?
I have exercised my artistic license to offer what I think Moses, an African, would offer today. With history in his rear view mirror, I believe he would accept my adjustments to Commandments 1–4; while 5–10 being mathematically correct, remain intact. I think we all agree that in today’s dystopic world, there is a dire need for the law enforcement of the 10 Commandments. Every day CHOOSA (Children of Stolen and Sold Africans) bear witness to the paucity of their implementation.
The BOLD print indicates my variation of Moses’s Commandments found in the Old Testament, in the Book of Exodus (The word ‘exodus’ will be dealt with another time). The bracketed is my brief commentary.
1
“Thou shalt have no other gods before me.” — Exodus 20:3
“Thou shalt not have a GOD, much less gods.”
[I offer the following as my commentary regarding ‘God’ and religion.]
“Religion keeps the poor from killing the rich.” — Napoleon Bonaparte
“We have used the Bible as if it were a mere special constable’s handbook, an opium dose for keeping the beasts of burden patient while they were being overloaded, a mere book to keep the poor in order.” — Charles Kingsley, Canon of the Church of England
“When the missionaries arrived, the Africans had the land and the missionaries had the Bible. They taught us how to pray with our eyes closed. When we opened them, they had the land and we had the Bible.” — Jomo Kenyatta
It’s not what you know that hurts you. It’s what you know, that just ain’t so.” — Leroy ‘Satchel’ Paige
2
“Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image.” — Exodus 20:4
“Thou shalt not make the U.S. Dollar a GRAVEN IMAGE.”
[There is no greater example of a graven image than the fiat currency called the U.S. Dollar. Its worship has created a world of greed, corruption, and evil which humanity has endured for the last few centuries. I think we can all bear witness that it is indeed the root of all of the evil that exists and persists in the world today.]
3
“Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain.” — Exodus 20:7
“Thou shalt not allow the economic paradigm — Capitalism — to exist.”
[The evil of Capitalism is direct disrespect for humanity. My mantra, “economics is the driving force in humanity” makes me laser-focused on the economic paradigm governing our world. Allowing the unethical, immoral, unrighteousness, inequitable, and unjust practice of Capitalism is a CRIME against humanity; and is absolutely disrespectful to Creation/Existence.]
4
“Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy.” — Exodus 20:8–10
“Remember that every day of your life requires WORK and REST, to keep it real.”
[Human beings require both work and rest for the sustenance of life. In order to sustain ourselves, we must respect ourselves by acting in accord with our nature, which is to be free. “Self-preservation is the duty of each and every living organism.” To practice such means no longer being a slave to the European banking cartels. They have ruled the world since the formation of the British East India Company (December 31, 1600), and the Dutch West India Company (June 3, 1621).]
5
“Honor thy father and thy mother.” — Exodus 20:12
“HONOR thy mother and thy father.”
[We must always love and care for those who cared for us first.]
6
“Thou shalt not kill.” — Exodus 20:13
“Thou shalt not KILL.”
[I won’t insult your intelligence by repeating all of the horrors of the Holocausts Europeans have perpetrated. You already know of the most atrocious. The Middle Passage cost the lives of 20–30 million Africans, and the European theft of the Americas cost the lives of over 50 million Native Indigenous Americans. The wars that the European has waged, not only among themselves, but against Africans, Asians, and Native Indigenous People throughout the world have cost the lives of another 20–30 million people. It is an indictment that must, and will be, adjudicated.]
7
“Thou shalt not commit adultery.” — Exodus 20:14
“Thou shalt not commit ADULTERY.”
[The sanctimony of marriage must be respected, preserved, and promoted.]
8
“Thou shalt not steal.” — Exodus 20:15
“Thou shalt not STEAL.”
[Taking anything that doesn’t belong to you is stealing. That is what the European has been doing since Alexander III invaded, pillaged, and conquered Egypt in 332 B.C. The British bragged that, “the sun never sets on the British Empire.” The Banking Cartels may have shifted locations, but they still carry on their work of world domination. North, Central (including the Caribbean), and South America; along with Asia, African, and Australia (including the South Pacific islands) is land that was stolen, and still is presently controlled by these bankers. Their greatest theft is USURY. As Thomas Alva Edison said, “Interest is the invention of Satan.”]
9
“Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbor.” — Exodus 20:16
“Thou shalt not LIE.”
[Honestly, honesty is a Universal Law that must be adhered to. If you lie to someone, you are “bearing false witness,” and may cause harm to yourself and to others. The ultimate penalty could be your death.]
10
“Thou shalt not covet.” — Exodus 20:17
“Thou shalt not COVET.”
[Covet means to be so jealous of something someone else has, that you want it desperately. After living in the hills and caves of Europe for 40,000 years, the Caucasian emerged with a lust and desire for the world that Aristotle, Alexander III’s tutor and mentor described to him. Aristotle talked of a land that the Greeks named and called Africa; a wonderful glorious Continent that he learned from Socrates, via Plato.]
I conclude with two more Commandment that I believe Moses would offer today.
11
“Thou shalt not tell people that I have chosen you as my special people, privileged with Whiteness.”
[First, it is not true. ALL life is chosen from, and emanates from Creation. Our very existence if proof of Creation, an extremely random process favoring no one. Secondly, all that lie does is build up resentment and hatred against you. We are all special creations, with none being superior to others, notwithstanding our cultural differences.]
12
“Thou shalt not practice Usury.”
[The expression, “neither a lender nor a borrower be” is the best advice one can receive. Charging interest, which is a severe burden to the borrower, that need not be, has been forbidden in Christianity and Islam since they were formed. I offer the following for your consideration]
“Debt’s ancient origin is reflected in biblical admonitions [2,000 years ago] about debt, and the interest payments which often accompany debt. So Solomon warns, “The rich rules over the poor, and the borrower is the slave of the lender.
In Exodus, when God specifies the ordinances for the Jewish people, he includes the admonition that, “If you lend to any of my people with you who is poor, you shall not be to him as a creditor, and you shall not exact interest from him.”
Secret Life of Money, Tad Crawford, 1994
That admonition should apply to all humanity, not just European Ashkenazi and Sephardic Jews.
Please offer your thoughts; and let’s talk about specific solutions.
Thank you.
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There Is No Nexus Between Black Nationalism and Marxism: It Is Nonsense To Propose Such!
I have been following the writings of Dwayne Wong (Omowale) since I joined medium.com ten months ago. He has written some though-provoking essays that I have found interesting. Even though he wrote the following essay in March of this year, my jury is still out deliberating on my younger brother (I am 77, so I can call him my younger brother). I do believe he will be acquitted. 🙂
Why I’m Not a Marxist
This is the final in a series of articles that I published on the topic of Marxism in the Pan-African struggle. I want…
Today, he posted an essay that grabbed my attention. My belief that “the driving force in humanity is economics” compelled me to respond.
“…So the lineage of capitalism passes naturally from the earliest Babylonian merchants through the medieval burghers to the early bourgeois and finally to the industrial capitalist.” — The Origin of Capitalism; A Longer View, Ellen Meiksins, 2002
Economics matters. Everything that one does each day, hour, minute, and second, is precisely determined by the economic paradigm that governs one’s life. I hope that he will not be offended by my assessment of his piece that my headline addresses. I certainly welcome his assessment of mine.
The Ideological Debate Between Black Nationalism and Marxism
The ideological debate between Black Nationalism and Marxism has been a topic of discussion and contention for decades…
I disagree with his statement that, the ideological debate between Black Nationalism and Marxism that has shaped the discourse on liberation and justice within the Black community, “is not an either-or situation, but rather an opportunity to embrace the strengths and insights of both ideologies.”
It is absolutely an either-or-situation.
There is not contest. Black Nationalism is the winner. (Similar to the ass-whooping (70–20) that the Miami Dolphins administered on the Denver Broncos last Sunday.)
There are NO strengths and insights in Marxist ideology that support African Liberation. Marxism is an eco-political European ideology that, by our brother’s admission, “does not directly address racial oppression.” Marx and Engels published their “Communist Manifesto” (1848), to address the issues facing European/Caucasian people, not us.
Just because Marx was an opponent of Capitalism, it does not make him an friend or advocate for the liberation of our people. Both Capitalism and Communism perpetuate our enslavement; and must be understood as an anathema to COLONIZED Africans, Asians, and Indigenous Americans worldwide. (As quiet as it’s kept, the Earth is a “Company Town” operating under European hegemony.
The Colony Called America: Company Town 3.0
How dare I call America a colony, much less a company town? The truth is the truth. I assume you will agree with me…
Brother Dwayne correctly points out that, “Padmore, initially a communist, abandoned the Communist Party after realizing that white communists were not fully committed to African liberation. He became critical of the racism within the communist movement and praised Garvey for his understanding of white communists’ racism.”
My brother goes on to say that Garvey, “identified as a self-professed capitalist but was critical of exploitative practices within capitalism.” Rest assured that Garvey’s definition of capitalism was quite different than Adam Smith’s definition. Brother Garvey meant making use of Land and Labor to produce Capital (goods and services necessary for the growth and development of society) was his objective, as it should be for anyone wanting to live in a productive civilized society.
Adam Smith’s Capitalism, which began when Alexander III invaded and conquered Egypt in 332 B.C., advocates the ownership of “private property,” including the ownership of human beings, salaried or otherwise. Garvey did not.
As Brother Omowale said, “Black Nationalism is an ideology that emphasizes racial unity and self-determination for the Black community.” He also astutely observed that, “Garvey, a Jamaican-born activist, advocated for the establishment of a separate Black nation and the repatriation of Black people to Africa. He believed that economic empowerment was the foundation for Black liberation and encouraged Black people to be proud of their African heritage.” I am in 100% agreement with Brother Marcus, one of my icons and mentors.
Brother Garvey’s call for separation and repatriation of American Africans to Africa is the only opportunity we have to achieve Liberation and Freedom. Marcus’s thoughts are African centered. Marx’s thoughts are Eurocentric. The two ideologies will never coincide, correlate, nor coexist together.
The ideological debate between Black Nationalism and Marxism, is “a ship that has sailed.” There is no longer a debate. Black Nationalism, as defined by the Honorable Marcus Garvey, must be our life work. It is certainly my life work.
Adam Smith, Karl Marx, and Me; Capitalism, Marxism, and Equism; Black Folk Need To Know
On February 11, 2023, Rustam Seerat, posted the following essay on medium.com. It is an AI-generated imaginary…
Please offer your thoughts; and let’s talk about specific solutions.
Thank you.
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What Does INTEGRATION Mean? Mathematically It Is The Truth; Racially It Is A Lie; Culturally It Is Critical to the Survival of Humanity.
The Merriam-Webster Dictionary offers several meanings for this transitive verb integration. The importance of each meaning is critical to understanding my answers to the question posed in the above headline.
1: to form, coordinate, or blend into a functioning or unified whole : UNITE
2 a: to incorporate into a larger unit
b: to unite with something else
3 a: DESEGREGATE integrate school districts
b: to end the segregation of and bring into equal membership in society or an organization
I begin with #1, the mathematical definition of integration. “To form, coordinate, or blend into a functioning or unified whole: UNITE” is the whole truth, and nothing but the truth. “Mathematics is Truth.” The concept of unity is acceptable to everyone. Folk would agree that there is strength in UNITY.
But what is the purpose for unity? Are the KKK, the Proud Boys, and the Oath Keepers good purposes for unity? For Europeans, the answer is yes. For Africans, Asians, and Indigenous Americans living in European colonies, the answer is no.
Number 3 is where the ‘rubber meets the road.’ “DESEGREGATE, integrate school districts” and “to end the segregation of and bring into equal membership in society or an organization” speak directly to “Race Is a Lie.” Race, the false narrative propagated by the European is a man-made construct called that has deliberately divided humanity since its inception and is still in effect and in force today.
The belief that race accounts for differences in human character or ability, and that a particular race is superior to others, and that discrimination or prejudice based on race is justified by law is a total human fabrication. Scientifically, no valid fact regarding human behavior can be drawn from the melanin content of a human being’s skin. Melanin is a pigment — meaning color, nothing more, nothing less.
Human beings are shaped by our genetic heritage (bio-chemical package), our parents’ lessons, the “schooling” we receive, our own personal experiences, and “the proverbial environment” as we traverse ‘life’; also, learning from the experience of others who have already gone before.
The hatred, animosity, and divisiveness engendered and promulgated by Race are threatening human survival. The exigent circumstances that we face today demand immediate attention, and immediate action.
I will end with #2, which offers, “to incorporate into a larger unit” and “to unite with something else.” “…Culture is critical to the survival of Humanity.” What does cultural integration mean?
I am very clear that humanity’s survival is dependent on the mutual cooperation of its inhabitants. We absolutely need to incorporate into a larger unit, but caveat emptor. The man-made economic, political, and religious ideologies that perpetuate the hegemony of the ‘ruling elite’ cannot, and will not be carried forward by us.
Africans, Asians, and Indigenous Americans must, and will discard Capitalism, Democracy, and Monotheism in order to survive and thrive. “To unite with something else” is mandatory. That ‘something else’ is a new paradigm, an African centered paradigm.
I have no interest in overturning Capitalism or overthrowing Democracy, much less trying to stamp out Monotheism. If that is what folks want, I say, “let them have at it.”
Humanity wants and needs something different than what we experience today under European rule. Our present dystopia should be proof enough for you.
Capitalism, which has continuously evolved since Alexander III invaded Egypt (Africa) in 332 BC, established and articulated the reasoning for the European collecting and controlling all of the human and natural resources necessary for the production, distribution and consumption of the goods and services essential to the growth and evolution of an organized people.
It was both purposeful and deliberate. And it was concomitant with the Europeans having stolen lands and peoples. Capitalism works for Europeans. It does not work for 99% of humanity. European Capitalism created the problem humanity faces today.
“A problem cannot be solved by the consciousness that created it.” — Albert Einstein
Pope Francis’s recent statement is further proof.
“An economic system that is fair, trustworthy and capable of addressing the most profound challenges facing humanity and our planet is urgently needed.”
Pope Francis and I agree.
Democracy, the political philosophy, was developed by Cleisthenes in Athens in 507 B.C. After less than 100 years, ‘democracy’ had reared its ugly head sufficiently for Plato to voice opinion. Founder of the Academy in Athens, “the first institution of higher learning in the Western World” — Wikipedia — and considered the founding father of political philosophy, Plato, was taught by Socrates, an African, and in turn, Plato taught Aristotle, Alexander III’s tutor, and mentor.
Plato believed that the democratic man was more concerned about his money over how he could help people. “He does whatever he wants whenever he wants to do it. His life has no priority.” [Capitalism in its infancy.] Plato did not believe that democracy is the best form of government. Plato’s Republic presents a critical view of democracy through the narration of our brother Socrates (a Greek African):
“…foolish leaders of Democracy, which is a charming form of government full of variety and disorder and dispensing a sort of equality to equals and unequaled alike.”
Monotheism is a tool.
“Religion keeps the poor from killing the rich.” — Napoleon Bonaparte
Here is a more telling message.
“We have used the Bible as if it were a mere special constable’s handbook, an opium dose for keeping the beasts of burden patient while they were being overloaded, a mere book to keep the poor in order.” — Charles Kingsley, Canon of the Church of England
And one more, from an African centered perspective.
It’s not what you know that hurts you. It’s what you know, that just ain’t so.” — Leroy ‘Satchel’ Paige
Please offer your thoughts; and let’s talk about specific solutions.
Thank you.
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