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JPMorgan Chase Has A Black Woman On Its Board of Directors: Who Is Melody Hobson?

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Let’s Start With, Who Is JPMorgan Chase?

Cherchez la femme (French: [ʃɛʁʃe la fam]) is a French phrase which literally means ‘look for the woman’. It is a sexist cliche in detective fiction, used to suggest that a mystery can be resolved by identifying a femme fatale or female love interest.

In attempting to solve the mystery of our present dystopia, and I say, Cherchez l’argent, ‘look for the money.’ And I am not speaking fiction.

The Online Wall Street Journal, dated March 27, 2023, in the column This Week In History,’ ran this story that offers the opportunity to ‘look for the money’ by looking at one of the major players in the ‘game’ of money. I keep hammering at money because economics is the driving force in humanity. Everything that one does each day, hour, minute, and second, is precisely determined by the economic paradigm that governs one’s life.”

The question that remains unanswered is when will capitalism and racism, European constructs consistent with Caucasian culture, die? There are close to 7.993 billion people on this planet who need the demise of capitalism and racism immediately, if not sooner.

Here is the 27 year-old news story that precipitated this essay. I hope it can be helpful in understanding the importance of economics.

“March 31, 1996

Chase Manhattan merged with Chemical Banking, becoming the largest U.S. bank at the time.

Four years later, it merged with J.P. Morgan to become JPMorgan Chase.

The bank, which traces its roots to 1799 and counts Alexander Hamilton and Aaron Burr among its founders, then merged with Bank One in 2004 and acquired Bear Stearns and Washington Mutual in 2008.

Whoa! Wait a minute.

A bank, “which traces its roots to 1799 and counts Alexander Hamilton and Aaron Burr among its founders.”

…According to page 115 of An Empire of Wealth b John Steele Gordon, the origin of this strand of JPMorgan Chase’s history runs as follows:

At the turn of the nineteenth century, obtaining a bank charter required an act of the State Legislature.

This, of course, injected a powerful element of politics into the process and invited what today would be called corruption but then was regarded as business as usual. Hamilton’s political enemy — and eventual murderer — Aaron Burr was able to create a bank by sneaking a clause into a charter for a company called The Manhattan Company to provide clean water to New York City.

The innocuous-looking clause allowed the company to invest surplus capital in any lawful enterprise. Within six months of the company’s creation, and long before it had laid a single section of water pipe, the company opened a bank, the Bank of the Manhattan Company. Still in existence, it is today JPMorgan Chase, the largest bank in the United States. — Wikipedia

I hope you will bear with me, but I must offer one more interesting tidbit from Wikipedia to chew on.

…In August 1914, [9 months after the passage of the Federal Reserve Act of 1913] Henry P. Davison, a Morgan partner, made a deal with the Bank of England to make J.P. Morgan & Co. the monopoly underwriter of war bonds for the UK and France. The Bank of England became a “fiscal agent” of J.P. Morgan & Co., and vice versa. The company also invested in the suppliers of war equipment to Britain and France. The company profited from the financing and purchasing activities of the two European governments.

Huh? A member of the privately owned Central Bank of the United States is making a deal with the Central Bank of England, controlled by Rothschild banking interests?

“The company [J.P. Morgan & Co.] profited from the financing and purchasing activities of the two European governments.”

J.P. Morgan & Company also financed the U.S. and Russia during World War I. And let’s not forget the Warburg Family, whose brothers financed both the U.S. and Germany during WWI.

(Please see: https://medium.com/@ernestedwards99/oliver-daddy-warbucks-was-fictional-f1d202238f25

JPMorgan Chase is the largest of the Big Four banks (JPMorgan Chase (headquartered in New York City, Bank of American (headquartered and bank chartered in Charlotte, North Carolina, Citigroup (headquartered in New York City, bank chartered in Sioux Falls, South Dakota, and Wells Fargo (headquartered in San Francisco, California, bank chartered in Wilmington, Delaware).

…It is a major provider of investment banking services in the Bulge Bracket [The major investment banking cartel that controls corporate financing world-wide.]

In 2020, the Corporate Finance Institute, a Canadian financial analyst certification organization, and Wall Street Oasis, an online investment banking and finance forum, listed nine investment banks as part of the Bulge Bracket. Investopedia, in 2022 listed the same banks. As of March 2023 the list, after the [recent] acquisition of Credit Suisse by UBS includes:

Bank of America

Barclays

Citigroup

Deutsche Bank

Goldman Sachs

JPMorgan Chase

Morgan Stanley

UBS

The Bank began operations in Japan in 1924, in Australia during the later part of the nineteenth century, and in Indonesia during the early 1920s. An office of the Equitable Eastern Banking Corporation (one of J.P. Morgan’s predecessors) opened a branch in China in 1921 and Chase National Bank was established there in 1923;

The bank has operated in Saudi Arabia and India since the 1930s. Chase Manhattan Bank opened an office in South Korea in 1967. The firm’s presence in Greece dates to 1968. An office of JPMorgan was opened in Taiwan in 1970, in Russia (Soviet Union) in 1973, and Nordic operations began during the same year.] Operations in Poland began in 1995. — Wikipedia

I literally, pray, that you get the picture. Rather than bore you with more narrative, I will end with a brief outline of additional information from Wikipedia on JPMorgan Chase that demonstrates its influence in world commerce.

Board of Directors — As of April 1, 2021:

· Jamie Dimon, chairman and CEO of JPMorgan Chase

· Linda Bammann, former JPMorgan and Bank One executive

· Steve Burke, chairman of NBCUniversal

· Todd Combs, CEO of GEICO

· James Crown, president of Henry Crown and Company

· Timothy Flynn, former chairman and CEO of KPMG

· Mellody Hobson, CEO of Ariel Investments

· Michael Neal, CEO of GE Capital

· Phebe Novakovic, chairwoman and CEO of General Dynamics

· Virginia Rometty, Executive Chairwoman of IBM, former chairwoman, President and CEO of IBM

Notable former employees

Business:

· Winthrop Aldrich — son of the late Senator Nelson Aldrich

· Andrew Crockett — former general manager of the Bank for International Settlements (1994–2003)

· Pierre Danon — chairman of Eircom

· Ina Drew — former CIO of JP Morgan Chase

· Dina Dublon — member of the board of directors of MicrosoftAccenture and PepsiCo and former Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of JPMorgan Chase

· Maria Elena Lagomasino — member of the board of directors of The Coca-Cola Company and former CEO of JPMorgan Private Bank

· Jacob A. Frenkel — Governor of the Bank of Israel

· Thomas W. Lamont — acting head of J.P. Morgan & Co. on Black Tuesday

· Charles Li — former CEO of Hong Kong Exchanges and Clearing

· Robert I. Lipp — former CEO of The Travelers Companies

· Marjorie Magner — chairman of Gannett Company[205]

· Henry S. Morgan — co-founder of Morgan Stanley, son of J. P. Morgan, Jr. and grandson of financier J. P. Morgan

· Lewis Reford — Canadian political candidate

· David Rockefeller — patriarch of the Rockefeller family

· Charlie Scharf — current CEO of Wells Fargo

· Harold Stanley — former JPMorgan partner, co-founder of Morgan Stanley

· Jes Staley — former CEO of Barclays

· Barry F. Sullivan — former CEO of First Chicago Bank and deputy mayor of New York City

· C. S. Venkatakrishnan — current CEO of Barclays

· Don M. Wilson III — former chief risk officer (CRO) of J. P. Morgan and current member of the board of directors at Bank of Montreal

· Ed Woodward — executive vice-chairman of Manchester United F.C.

Politics and public service

· Frederick Ma — Hong Kong Secretary for Commerce and Economic Development (2007–08)

· Tony Blair — Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1997–2007)

· William M. Daley — U.S. Secretary of Commerce (1997–2000), U.S. White House Chief of Staff (2011–2012)

· Michael Forsyth, Baron Forsyth of Drumlean — Secretary of State for Scotland (1995–97)

· Thomas S. Gates, Jr. — U.S. Secretary of Defense (1959–61)

· David Laws — UK Chief Secretary to the Treasury (May 2010) Minister of State for Schools

· Rick Lazio — member of the U.S. House of Representatives (1993–2001)

· Antony Leung — Financial Secretary of Hong Kong (2001–03)

· Dwight Morrow — U.S. Senator (1930–31)

· Margaret Ng — member of the Hong Kong Legislative Council

· Azita Raji — former United States ambassador to Sweden (2016–2017)

· George P. Shultz — U.S. Secretary of Labor (1969–70), U.S. Secretary of Treasury (1972–74), U.S. Secretary of State (1982–89)

· John J. McCloy — president of the World Bank, U.S. High Commissioner for Germany, chairman of Chase Manhattan Bank, chairman of the Council on Foreign Relations, a member of the Warren Commission, and a prominent United States adviser to all presidents from Franklin D. Roosevelt to Ronald Reagan

· Mahua Moitra — Former Vice President of JPMorgan Chase, Indian Member of Parliament, Lok Sabha

Major sponsorships

· Chase Field (formerly Bank One Ballpark), Phoenix, Arizona — Arizona DiamondbacksMLB

· Chase CenterSan Francisco, California — Golden State WarriorsNBA

· Major League Soccer

· Chase Auditorium (formerly Bank One Auditorium) inside of Chase Tower in Chicago, Illinois (formerly Bank One Tower)

· The JPMorgan Chase Corporate Challenge, owned and operated by JPMorgan Chase, is the largest corporate road racing series in the world with over 200,000 participants in 12 cities in six countries on five continents. It has been held annually since 1977 and the races range in size from 4,000 entrants to more than 60,000.

· JPMorgan Chase is the official sponsor of the US Open

· J.P. Morgan Asset Management is the Principal Sponsor of the English Premiership Rugby 7s Series

· Sponsor of the Jessamine Stakes, a two-year-old fillies horse race at KeenelandLexingtonKentucky since 2006.

· Chase Center on the Riverfront in Wilmington, Delaware where Joe Biden accepted his election as President of the United States in 2020.

The real importance of JPMorgan Chase and Melody Dobson is for another day. This is just the introduction.

Thank you for using your precious life energy to read this essay.

Please offer your thoughts.

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Jews, Christians, and Muslims: What Ten Commandments Would Moses Offer Today?

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Yes, the Hebrew Moses was an African, born and raised. He spoke Aramaic, a Semitic language.

I have exercised my artistic license to offer what I think Moses, an African, would offer today. With history in his rear view mirror, I believe he would accept my adjustments to Commandments 1–4; while 5–10 being mathematically correct, remain intact. I think we all agree that in today’s dystopic world, there is a dire need for the law enforcement of the 10 Commandments. Every day CHOOSA (Children of Stolen and Sold Africans) bear witness to the paucity of their implementation.

The BOLD print indicates my variation of Moses’s Commandments found in the Old Testament, in the Book of Exodus (The word ‘exodus’ will be dealt with another time). The bracketed is my brief commentary.

1

“Thou shalt have no other gods before me.” — Exodus 20:3

“Thou shalt not have a GOD, much less gods.”

[I offer the following as my commentary regarding ‘God’ and religion.]

“Religion keeps the poor from killing the rich.” — Napoleon Bonaparte

“We have used the Bible as if it were a mere special constable’s handbook, an opium dose for keeping the beasts of burden patient while they were being overloaded, a mere book to keep the poor in order.” — Charles Kingsley, Canon of the Church of England

“When the missionaries arrived, the Africans had the land and the missionaries had the Bible. They taught us how to pray with our eyes closed. When we opened them, they had the land and we had the Bible.” — Jomo Kenyatta

It’s not what you know that hurts you. It’s what you know, that just ain’t so.” — Leroy ‘Satchel’ Paige

2

“Thou shalt not make unto thee any graven image.” — Exodus 20:4

“Thou shalt not make the U.S. Dollar a GRAVEN IMAGE.”

[There is no greater example of a graven image than the fiat currency called the U.S. Dollar. Its worship has created a world of greed, corruption, and evil which humanity has endured for the last few centuries. I think we can all bear witness that it is indeed the root of all of the evil that exists and persists in the world today.]

3

“Thou shalt not take the name of the Lord thy God in vain.” — Exodus 20:7

“Thou shalt not allow the economic paradigm — Capitalism — to exist.”

[The evil of Capitalism is direct disrespect for humanity. My mantra, “economics is the driving force in humanity” makes me laser-focused on the economic paradigm governing our world. Allowing the unethical, immoral, unrighteousness, inequitable, and unjust practice of Capitalism is a CRIME against humanity; and is absolutely disrespectful to Creation/Existence.]

4

“Remember the sabbath day, to keep it holy.” — Exodus 20:8–10

“Remember that every day of your life requires WORK and REST, to keep it real.”

[Human beings require both work and rest for the sustenance of life. In order to sustain ourselves, we must respect ourselves by acting in accord with our nature, which is to be free. “Self-preservation is the duty of each and every living organism.” To practice such means no longer being a slave to the European banking cartels. They have ruled the world since the formation of the British East India Company (December 31, 1600), and the Dutch West India Company (June 3, 1621).]

5

“Honor thy father and thy mother.” — Exodus 20:12

“HONOR thy mother and thy father.”

[We must always love and care for those who cared for us first.]

6

“Thou shalt not kill.” — Exodus 20:13

“Thou shalt not KILL.”

[I won’t insult your intelligence by repeating all of the horrors of the Holocausts Europeans have perpetrated. You already know of the most atrocious. The Middle Passage cost the lives of 20–30 million Africans, and the European theft of the Americas cost the lives of over 50 million Native Indigenous Americans. The wars that the European has waged, not only among themselves, but against Africans, Asians, and Native Indigenous People throughout the world have cost the lives of another 20–30 million people. It is an indictment that must, and will be, adjudicated.]

7

“Thou shalt not commit adultery.” — Exodus 20:14

“Thou shalt not commit ADULTERY.”

[The sanctimony of marriage must be respected, preserved, and promoted.]

8

“Thou shalt not steal.” — Exodus 20:15

“Thou shalt not STEAL.”

[Taking anything that doesn’t belong to you is stealing. That is what the European has been doing since Alexander III invaded, pillaged, and conquered Egypt in 332 B.C. The British bragged that, “the sun never sets on the British Empire.” The Banking Cartels may have shifted locations, but they still carry on their work of world domination. North, Central (including the Caribbean), and South America; along with Asia, African, and Australia (including the South Pacific islands) is land that was stolen, and still is presently controlled by these bankers. Their greatest theft is USURY. As Thomas Alva Edison said, “Interest is the invention of Satan.”]

9

“Thou shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbor.” — Exodus 20:16

“Thou shalt not LIE.”

[Honestly, honesty is a Universal Law that must be adhered to. If you lie to someone, you are “bearing false witness,” and may cause harm to yourself and to others. The ultimate penalty could be your death.]

10

“Thou shalt not covet.” — Exodus 20:17

“Thou shalt not COVET.”

[Covet means to be so jealous of something someone else has, that you want it desperately. After living in the hills and caves of Europe for 40,000 years, the Caucasian emerged with a lust and desire for the world that Aristotle, Alexander III’s tutor and mentor described to him. Aristotle talked of a land that the Greeks named and called Africa; a wonderful glorious Continent that he learned from Socrates, via Plato.]

I conclude with two more Commandment that I believe Moses would offer today.

11

“Thou shalt not tell people that I have chosen you as my special people, privileged with Whiteness.”

[First, it is not true. ALL life is chosen from, and emanates from Creation. Our very existence if proof of Creation, an extremely random process favoring no one. Secondly, all that lie does is build up resentment and hatred against you. We are all special creations, with none being superior to others, notwithstanding our cultural differences.]

12

“Thou shalt not practice Usury.”

[The expression, “neither a lender nor a borrower be” is the best advice one can receive. Charging interest, which is a severe burden to the borrower, that need not be, has been forbidden in Christianity and Islam since they were formed. I offer the following for your consideration]

“Debt’s ancient origin is reflected in biblical admonitions [2,000 years ago] about debt, and the interest payments which often accompany debt. So Solomon warns, “The rich rules over the poor, and the borrower is the slave of the lender.

In Exodus, when God specifies the ordinances for the Jewish people, he includes the admonition that, “If you lend to any of my people with you who is poor, you shall not be to him as a creditor, and you shall not exact interest from him.

Secret Life of Money, Tad Crawford, 1994

That admonition should apply to all humanity, not just European Ashkenazi and Sephardic Jews.

Please offer your thoughts; and let’s talk about specific solutions.

Thank you.

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There Is No Nexus Between Black Nationalism and Marxism: It Is Nonsense To Propose Such!

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I have been following the writings of Dwayne Wong (Omowale) since I joined medium.com ten months ago. He has written some though-provoking essays that I have found interesting. Even though he wrote the following essay in March of this year, my jury is still out deliberating on my younger brother (I am 77, so I can call him my younger brother). I do believe he will be acquitted. 🙂

Why I’m Not a Marxist

This is the final in a series of articles that I published on the topic of Marxism in the Pan-African struggle. I want…

dwomowale.medium.com

Today, he posted an essay that grabbed my attention. My belief that “the driving force in humanity is economics” compelled me to respond.

“…So the lineage of capitalism passes naturally from the earliest Babylonian merchants through the medieval burghers to the early bourgeois and finally to the industrial capitalist.” — The Origin of Capitalism; A Longer View, Ellen Meiksins, 2002

Economics matters. Everything that one does each day, hour, minute, and second, is precisely determined by the economic paradigm that governs one’s life. I hope that he will not be offended by my assessment of his piece that my headline addresses. I certainly welcome his assessment of mine.

The Ideological Debate Between Black Nationalism and Marxism

The ideological debate between Black Nationalism and Marxism has been a topic of discussion and contention for decades…

dwomowale.medium.com

disagree with his statement that, the ideological debate between Black Nationalism and Marxism that has shaped the discourse on liberation and justice within the Black community, “is not an either-or situation, but rather an opportunity to embrace the strengths and insights of both ideologies.”

It is absolutely an either-or-situation.

There is not contest. Black Nationalism is the winner. (Similar to the ass-whooping (70–20) that the Miami Dolphins administered on the Denver Broncos last Sunday.)

There are NO strengths and insights in Marxist ideology that support African Liberation. Marxism is an eco-political European ideology that, by our brother’s admission, “does not directly address racial oppression.” Marx and Engels published their “Communist Manifesto” (1848), to address the issues facing European/Caucasian people, not us.

Just because Marx was an opponent of Capitalism, it does not make him an friend or advocate for the liberation of our people. Both Capitalism and Communism perpetuate our enslavement; and must be understood as an anathema to COLONIZED Africans, Asians, and Indigenous Americans worldwide. (As quiet as it’s kept, the Earth is a “Company Town” operating under European hegemony.

The Colony Called America: Company Town 3.0

How dare I call America a colony, much less a company town? The truth is the truth. I assume you will agree with me…

medium.com

Brother Dwayne correctly points out that, “Padmore, initially a communist, abandoned the Communist Party after realizing that white communists were not fully committed to African liberation. He became critical of the racism within the communist movement and praised Garvey for his understanding of white communists’ racism.”

My brother goes on to say that Garvey, “identified as a self-professed capitalist but was critical of exploitative practices within capitalism.” Rest assured that Garvey’s definition of capitalism was quite different than Adam Smith’s definition. Brother Garvey meant making use of Land and Labor to produce Capital (goods and services necessary for the growth and development of society) was his objective, as it should be for anyone wanting to live in a productive civilized society.

Adam Smith’s Capitalism, which began when Alexander III invaded and conquered Egypt in 332 B.C., advocates the ownership of “private property,” including the ownership of human beings, salaried or otherwise. Garvey did not.

As Brother Omowale said, “Black Nationalism is an ideology that emphasizes racial unity and self-determination for the Black community.” He also astutely observed that, “Garvey, a Jamaican-born activist, advocated for the establishment of a separate Black nation and the repatriation of Black people to Africa. He believed that economic empowerment was the foundation for Black liberation and encouraged Black people to be proud of their African heritage.” I am in 100% agreement with Brother Marcus, one of my icons and mentors.

Brother Garvey’s call for separation and repatriation of American Africans to Africa is the only opportunity we have to achieve Liberation and Freedom. Marcus’s thoughts are African centered. Marx’s thoughts are Eurocentric. The two ideologies will never coincide, correlate, nor coexist together.

The ideological debate between Black Nationalism and Marxism, is “a ship that has sailed.” There is no longer a debate. Black Nationalism, as defined by the Honorable Marcus Garvey, must be our life work. It is certainly my life work.

Adam Smith, Karl Marx, and Me; Capitalism, Marxism, and Equism; Black Folk Need To Know

On February 11, 2023, Rustam Seerat, posted the following essay on medium.com. It is an AI-generated imaginary…

medium.com

Please offer your thoughts; and let’s talk about specific solutions.

Thank you.

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What Does INTEGRATION Mean? Mathematically It Is The Truth; Racially It Is A Lie; Culturally It Is Critical to the Survival of Humanity.

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The Merriam-Webster Dictionary offers several meanings for this transitive verb integration. The importance of each meaning is critical to understanding my answers to the question posed in the above headline.

1: to form, coordinate, or blend into a functioning or unified whole : UNITE

2 a: to incorporate into a larger unit

b: to unite with something else

3 a: DESEGREGATE integrate school districts

b: to end the segregation of and bring into equal membership in society or an organization

I begin with #1, the mathematical definition of integration. “To form, coordinate, or blend into a functioning or unified whole: UNITE” is the whole truth, and nothing but the truth. “Mathematics is Truth.” The concept of unity is acceptable to everyone. Folk would agree that there is strength in UNITY.

But what is the purpose for unity? Are the KKK, the Proud Boys, and the Oath Keepers good purposes for unity? For Europeans, the answer is yes. For Africans, Asians, and Indigenous Americans living in European colonies, the answer is no.

Number 3 is where the ‘rubber meets the road.’ “DESEGREGATE, integrate school districts” and “to end the segregation of and bring into equal membership in society or an organization” speak directly to “Race Is a Lie.” Race, the false narrative propagated by the European is a man-made construct called that has deliberately divided humanity since its inception and is still in effect and in force today.

The belief that race accounts for differences in human character or ability, and that a particular race is superior to others, and that discrimination or prejudice based on race is justified by law is a total human fabrication. Scientifically, no valid fact regarding human behavior can be drawn from the melanin content of a human being’s skin. Melanin is a pigment — meaning color, nothing more, nothing less.

Human beings are shaped by our genetic heritage (bio-chemical package), our parents’ lessons, the “schooling” we receive, our own personal experiences, and “the proverbial environment” as we traverse ‘life’; also, learning from the experience of others who have already gone before.

The hatred, animosity, and divisiveness engendered and promulgated by Race are threatening human survival. The exigent circumstances that we face today demand immediate attention, and immediate action.

I will end with #2, which offers, “to incorporate into a larger unit” and “to unite with something else.” “…Culture is critical to the survival of Humanity.” What does cultural integration mean?

I am very clear that humanity’s survival is dependent on the mutual cooperation of its inhabitants. We absolutely need to incorporate into a larger unit, but caveat emptor. The man-made economic, political, and religious ideologies that perpetuate the hegemony of the ‘ruling elite’ cannot, and will not be carried forward by us.

Africans, Asians, and Indigenous Americans must, and will discard Capitalism, Democracy, and Monotheism in order to survive and thrive. “To unite with something else” is mandatory. That ‘something else’ is a new paradigm, an African centered paradigm.

I have no interest in overturning Capitalism or overthrowing Democracy, much less trying to stamp out Monotheism. If that is what folks want, I say, “let them have at it.”

Humanity wants and needs something different than what we experience today under European rule. Our present dystopia should be proof enough for you.

Capitalism, which has continuously evolved since Alexander III invaded Egypt (Africa) in 332 BC, established and articulated the reasoning for the European collecting and controlling all of the human and natural resources necessary for the production, distribution and consumption of the goods and services essential to the growth and evolution of an organized people.

It was both purposeful and deliberate. And it was concomitant with the Europeans having stolen lands and peoples. Capitalism works for Europeans. It does not work for 99% of humanity. European Capitalism created the problem humanity faces today.

“A problem cannot be solved by the consciousness that created it.” — Albert Einstein

Pope Francis’s recent statement is further proof.

An economic system that is fair, trustworthy and capable of addressing the most profound challenges facing humanity and our planet is urgently needed.”

Pope Francis and I agree.

Democracy, the political philosophy, was developed by Cleisthenes in Athens in 507 B.C. After less than 100 years, ‘democracy’ had reared its ugly head sufficiently for Plato to voice opinion. Founder of the Academy in Athens, “the first institution of higher learning in the Western World” — Wikipedia — and considered the founding father of political philosophy, Plato, was taught by Socrates, an African, and in turn, Plato taught Aristotle, Alexander III’s tutor, and mentor.

Plato believed that the democratic man was more concerned about his money over how he could help people. “He does whatever he wants whenever he wants to do it. His life has no priority.” [Capitalism in its infancy.] Plato did not believe that democracy is the best form of government. Plato’s Republic presents a critical view of democracy through the narration of our brother Socrates (a Greek African):

…foolish leaders of Democracy, which is a charming form of government full of variety and disorder and dispensing a sort of equality to equals and unequaled alike.”

Monotheism is a tool.

“Religion keeps the poor from killing the rich.” — Napoleon Bonaparte

Here is a more telling message.

“We have used the Bible as if it were a mere special constable’s handbook, an opium dose for keeping the beasts of burden patient while they were being overloaded, a mere book to keep the poor in order.” — Charles Kingsley, Canon of the Church of England

And one more, from an African centered perspective.

It’s not what you know that hurts you. It’s what you know, that just ain’t so.” — Leroy ‘Satchel’ Paige

Please offer your thoughts; and let’s talk about specific solutions.

Thank you.

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